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| en:shannon:inhalt [2024-03-17 10:25] – Thesues corrected (replica has same size) rainer | en:shannon:inhalt [2024-08-28 10:26] (current) – [Learning Machines] Links to PDFs only rainer |
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| (see also [[wp>Claude_Shannon | Wikipedia]]). | (see also [[wp>Claude_Shannon | Wikipedia]]). |
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| ====== The (Rockefeller) Differential Analyzer ====== | ==== The (Rockefeller) Differential Analyzer ==== |
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| After his graduation, C.E. Shannon worked for [[wp>Vannevar_Bush| Vannevar Bush]] in the MIT for a mechanical analog computer, called ''Differential Analyzer''. | After his graduation, C.E. Shannon worked for [[wp>Vannevar_Bush| Vannevar Bush]] in the MIT for a mechanical analog computer, called ''Differential Analyzer''. |
| Most sources show pictures of the well-known, pure mechanical version, while there was a second, more advanced machine which was electromechanically controlled, called the [[wp>Rockefeller_Differential_Analyzer| Rockefeller Differential Analyzer]]; a picture is available from the [[https://webmuseum.mit.edu/media.php?module=people&type=popular&kv=6887&media=15|MIT museum]]. It was presumably the most powerful computer at that time and kept secret during the war. Details are in my note with the title {{:shannon:shannon_rda_rg-2012-12-08.pdf|Claude Shannon and "the" Differential Analyzer}}. | Most sources show pictures of the well-known, pure mechanical version, while there was a second, more advanced machine which was electromechanically controlled, called the [[wp>Rockefeller_Differential_Analyzer| Rockefeller Differential Analyzer]]; a picture is available from the [[https://webmuseum.mit.edu/media.php?module=people&type=popular&kv=6887&media=15|MIT museum]]. It was presumably the most powerful computer at that time and kept secret during the war. Details are in my note with the title {{:shannon:shannon_rda_rg-2012-12-08.pdf|Claude Shannon and "the" Differential Analyzer}}. |
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| ====== Learning Machines ====== | ==== Learning Machines ==== |
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| Shannon created a first learning machine, a maze for a mouse, called ''Theseus'', using relays, that has not yet been recreated in the same technology and speed. The HNF (Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum) has, however, created two functional replicas ([[https://www.hnf.de/dauerausstellung/ausstellungsbereiche/global-digital/mensch-roboter-leben-mit-kuenstlicher-intelligenz-und-robotik/nachbau-theseus.html|HNF's Theseus replica]]) which internally use modern technology, yet behave exacly like the original according to Shannon's film. The replicas are shown in the HNF in Paderborn and the MIT Museum in Cambridge, MA. | Shannon created a first learning machine, a maze for a mouse, called ''Theseus'', using relays, that has not yet been recreated in the same technology and speed. The HNF (Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum) has, however, created two functional replicas ([[https://www.hnf.de/dauerausstellung/ausstellungsbereiche/global-digital/mensch-roboter-leben-mit-kuenstlicher-intelligenz-und-robotik/nachbau-theseus.html|HNF's Theseus replica]]) which internally use modern technology, yet behave exacly like the original according to Shannon's film. Leaning takes place in a substantially static environment. |
| | The replicas are shown in the HNF in Paderborn and the MIT Museum in Cambridge, MA. |
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| A second one, even smaller, was developed as a portable variant of Hagelbarger's ''SEER, A SEquence Extrapolating Robot'' and coined the ''Mind Reading Machine'' in his publication, more: [[en:shannon:MRM|Shannon's Mind Reading Machine]] | A second, even smaller learning machine was developed as a portable variant of Hagelbarger's ''SEER, A SEquence Extrapolating Robot'' and coined the ''Mind Reading Machine'' in his publication, also known as ''Penny Matching Game'' |
| | It learns in the dynamic environment of a game where two opponents change their behaviour while playing. |
| | As a demonstrator for learning, it cannot cheat, but the player may do so. |
| | See {{ :shannon:mindreader_overview.pdf |Overview}} and {{ :shannon:mindreader_variants.pdf | Correcting the Schematics}} |
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